Theory of Change is thought to be very useful for learning and adaptive management of complex interventions such as advocacy. Nevertheless, the use of Theory of Change is also under critique. One common criticism is that Theory of Change is often used as a framework that fixes agreements rather than as a living, guiding tool that helps reflection and adaptation. However, while such criticism stresses forms of control, little research has looked at the way Theory of Change and advocacy practice relate.
Please find the link to a study undertaken by Hivos and Wageningen University on how in reality, Theories of Change support or hinder advocates to contribute to change: https://www.hivos.org/document/the-hidden-life-of-theories-of-change/